may 27th chem 11

Today we did an esterfication lab, and were tasked to attempt to create a remotely decent smelling ESTER from a alcohol and carboxylic acid.

Here are the list of possible smells we could of created:

isoamyl acetate-----> banana
isobutyl salicylate-----> raspberry
methyl salicylate----->wintergreen <------ the one we wanted
ethyl butyrate-----> pineapple
benzyl butyrate-----> cherry
ethyl propionate-----> rum
isopropyl acetate-----> perfume
benzyl acetate-----> peach
methyl butyrate----->apple
octyl acetate----->orange
propyl acetate-----> pear
ethyl phenylacetate-----> honey

So after a lot of effort..err...time, we finally created an Ester, after waiting for it to cool down we wanted to see if it smelled like wintergreen. The smell kind of reminded me of baloons...

After we finished the lab the foods class had to leave to cook for the sports banquet, so the remaining people were given the honor of taking inventory in the shelves.

may 25th chem 11

Today as a review, we got into groups and had to make the given molecules in a certain amount of time. We were also racing against each other to see who would finish first. The group that finished first was awarded with a starburst =)

Here is the list that we had to make:

1) Methyl butanoate
2) dichloroethane
3) 3 enthyl 2 pentanone
4) Acetic acid
5) dimethyl ether
6) ethyl propyl ether
7) 2 bromo 4,4 dimethyl pentanal
8) 2,3 pentadiol
9) ethylamide
11) 2, 2 dimethyl butylamide
12) propyl butanoate
13) Formaldehyde
14) Phenol
15) 3 choloro 3 methyl 2 butanone

may 20th chem 11

More functional groups?!?
Amides

- Double-bonded oxygen to carbon chain and NH2
- Use carbon prefix and -amide suffix
- Building block of proteins
-Nylon/Kevlar/Penicillin/LSD

Amines

- Contains nitrogen with carbon chains
- Make up amino acids (amine and carboxyclic acid)
- Alkyl prefix with -amine ending
- Can be named a differnt way. Another way of saying methylamine is aminomethane

Now that were at the end, here is a condensed video explaining functional groups

may 18 chem 11

Aldehydes

-Double bonded O, single bonded H at the end of a chain
-Naming: change the -e ending to -al
-similar to the ketones, but the oxygen is at the end of the chain

Carboxylic acids

-Found in insect bites
- Building blocks of fats/steroids

Ester

- found in flavoring, perfumes, fruits, vegetables oil etc.
- They are formed by esterfication of carboxylic acids
- Name the primary chain with -yl ending
- Secondary chain ends in -oate

may 14th chem 11

Halides,Alcohols,keytones,Ethers

Today we learned a few new things about naming compounds

Halides

- Halogen atoms replace a hydrogen

- Bromo, Chloro, Floro (bromine, flourine, chlorine)

Alcohols

-just like a normal chain, but with an OH group at the end
- Change the ending to -ol

Ketones

- Oxygen atom double bonded to carbon, with extending carbon chains
- Change the ending to -one

Ethers

- Have an O joining two carbon chains together
- Name each carbon chain with -yl ending and add 'ether' at the end

may 10 chem 11

CYCLO ALKANES

Today we learned about cyclo alkanes, which are basically carbon compounds in ring shapes (they can do that!)
-They still follow the same rules as the rest of the alkanes, but you add "cyclo" to the beginning of the name
- when you are numbering, you can go clock wise or counter clockwise, but start your "1" at the side chain, as you want it to be the smallest number (just like normal)

When a cyclic chain of 6 form, it will create a structure called benzene


Here is a video on naming cycloalkanes

may 3 chem 11

ALKENES

- Compounds with double bonds end in -ene
- Put a # in front of the parent chain that indicates where the double bond is
- Always start from the end with the double bond when numbering the chain
- Any time more than one double bond occurs, you add adi, atri, atetra...
- The longest chain has to include the double bond








<------alkenes naming system

ALKYNES

- For compounds with triple bonds use -yne ending
- Follow all the same alkene rules
- The longest chain has to include the triple bond

This video shows you how to write and name the various chains