Chemistry October 7/09

Acids and Bases and How to Name Them

Acids

-Solid, Liquid, or Gas SATP (Standard, Ambient, Temperature, Pressure)
T = 25oC p = 100KPA
-form conducting aqueous solutions
-turn blue litmus red
-dissolve in water to produce H+
-taste sour

Bases

-turn red litmus blue
-slippery
-non conductive
-dissolve in water to produce OH-

Naming Acids

-acids are aqueous (dissolve in water)
-hydrogen compounds are acids
Ex.
-HCl(aq) - Hydrochloric acid
-H2SO4(aq) - Sulfuric acid
-Hydrogen appears first in the formula unless it is part of polyatomic group
Ex.
CH3COOH(aq) - Acetic Acid
-classical rules use suffix ic or prefix hydro
Ex.
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
IUPAC uses the aqueous hydrogen compound
Ex.
HCL(aq) - Aqueous Hydrogen chloride

Naming Bases

-for now all bases will be aqueous
-solutions of ionic hydroxides
Ex.
NaOH - sodium hydroxide
BaOH - barium hydroxide

Examples of naming acids and bases:

H3PO4(aq) - phosphoric acid
HLVO3(aq) - Nitric acid
HNO2(aq) - Nitrous acid
Mg(OH)2(aq) - Magnesium hydroxide
HBr(aq)- Hydro Bromic acid
HOOCCOOH - Oxalic acid

Here's a website that covers everything and more about today's lesson

http://chemistry.about.com/od/acidsbases/Acids_Bases_and_pH.htm

Here's a song about acids and bases